Description

Vaccination for preterm infants is crucial for protecting them against various infectious diseases. The general guidelines for vaccinating preterm infants are as follows: ### General Guidelines 1. *Same Schedule as Full-Term Infants*: Preterm infants typically receive vaccines according to the same schedule as full-term infants, based on their chronological age rather than their adjusted age. 2. *Monitoring and Adjustments*: In some cases, adjustments may be made based on the infant's health status and any specific medical conditions. ### Specific Vaccines 1. *Hepatitis B*: - The first dose is usually given at birth. For very low birth weight infants (<2000 grams) born to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-negative mothers, the first dose may be delayed until 1 month of age or at discharge from the hospital, whichever comes first. - Infants born to HBsAg-positive mothers or mothers with unknown status should receive the vaccine within 12 hours of birth, regardless of weight, along with hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). 2. *DTaP (Diphtheria, Tetanus, and Pertussis)*: - The first dose is given at 2 months of age. Subsequent doses follow the standard schedule at 4 months, 6 months, 15-18 months, and 4-6 years. 3. *Hib (Haemophilus influenzae type b)*: - The schedule starts at 2 months of age, with subsequent doses at 4 months, 6 months (depending on the vaccine brand), and a booster at 12-15 months. 4. *IPV (Inactivated Poliovirus Vaccine)*: - Administered at 2 months, 4 months, 6-18 months, and 4-6 years. 5. *PCV13 (Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine)*: - Given at 2 months, 4 months, 6 months, and a booster at 12-15 months. 6. *Rotavirus*: - Oral vaccine given at 2 months, 4 months, and if necessary, 6 months, depending on the specific vaccine brand. 7. *Influenza*: - Annually for all children aged 6 months and older. For the first influenza season, two doses are recommended one month apart if the child has not previously been vaccinated. 8. *MMR (Measles, Mumps, and Rubella)*: - Administered at 12-15 months with a second dose at 4-6 years. 9. *Varicella (Chickenpox)*: - Given at 12-15 months and a second dose at 4-6 years. 10. *Hepatitis A*: - Two doses given between 12 and 23 months, spaced at least 6 months apart. ### Additional Considerations 1. *RSV Prophylaxis*: - Preterm infants, particularly those born before 29 weeks' gestation or with chronic lung disease, may benefit from monthly palivizumab injections during RSV season to prevent severe respiratory syncytial virus infections. 2. *Close Monitoring*: - Preterm infants should be closely monitored for any adverse reactions to vaccines, and healthcare providers should be informed of their preterm status. It's essential for parents and caregivers to work closely with their healthcare provider to ensure timely and appropriate vaccination for their preterm infant, taking into account any individual health considerations.